Decreased pain: Warm water reduces joint load and muscle tension, easing overall discomfort.

Improved mobility: Buoyancy allows smoother, freer movement in stiff or painful joints.

Increased strength: Water resistance provides safe yet effective muscle strengthening.

Improved balance: The unstable environment challenges stabilising muscles and coordination.

Decreased swelling: Hydrostatic pressure helps drain excess fluid and reduce oedema.

Muscle relaxation: Warmth and gentle movement relieve tightness and spasm.

Improved flexibility: Warm water loosens tissues and supports gentle stretching.

Improved circulation: Movement and water pressure enhance blood flow and oxygen delivery.

Improved function: Gains in strength, balance, and mobility translate to better daily activity.

Psychological benefits: The calming environment reduces stress and boosts wellbeing.